Away3D - 使用SkyBox绘制环境背景(及物体表面的反射)
作者:hangge | 2015-11-10 08:39
创建一个3D场景少不了,比如在户外就是天空,大地还有远处的背景。这个通过SkyBox就可以很方便的实现。
1,SkyBox的使用
SkyBox其实就是一个立方体,只是对内部的每个面贴上不同的皮肤。然后摄像机摆在这个立方体里面,感觉像是一个室内环境中贴上蓝天白云,让人觉得是在外景中。
2,物体表面的反射
只需给物体设置与SkyBox同样的皮肤纹理,那么这个物体表面就感觉有镜面效果,反射出周围环境图像。(如本例中的小球)
3,效果图如下
4,代码如下
package{ import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.display.StageAlign; import flash.display.StageScaleMode; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.geom.Vector3D; import away3d.containers.View3D; import away3d.controllers.HoverController; import away3d.entities.Mesh; import away3d.materials.ColorMaterial; import away3d.materials.TextureMaterial; import away3d.materials.methods.EnvMapMethod; import away3d.primitives.CubeGeometry; import away3d.primitives.SkyBox; import away3d.primitives.SphereGeometry; import away3d.textures.BitmapCubeTexture; import away3d.utils.Cast; [SWF(frameRate="60", backgroundColor="#FFFFFF")] public class S3 extends Sprite { private var _view3D:View3D; private var cameraController:HoverController;//360全景展示相机控制器 //地板图片(用作地板的纹理 ) [Embed(source="assets/road.jpg")] private var floorClass:Class; //地板材质 private var floorMaterial:TextureMaterial; // 环境图片 [Embed(source="assets/skybox/snow_positive_x.jpg")] private var EnvPosX:Class; [Embed(source="assets/skybox/snow_positive_y.jpg")] private var EnvPosY:Class; [Embed(source="assets/skybox/snow_positive_z.jpg")] private var EnvPosZ:Class; [Embed(source="assets/skybox/snow_negative_x.jpg")] private var EnvNegX:Class; [Embed(source="assets/skybox/snow_negative_y.jpg")] private var EnvNegY:Class; [Embed(source="assets/skybox/snow_negative_z.jpg")] private var EnvNegZ:Class; //环境材质 private var environmentTexture:BitmapCubeTexture; private var environmentMaterial:ColorMaterial; //天空 private var _skyBox:SkyBox; private var _lastX:Number = 0; private var _lastY:Number = 0; public function S3() { initEngine(); initMaterials(); initObjects(); initListeners(); } /** * 初始化引擎 */ private function initEngine():void { stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; // 创建一个视口 _view3D = new View3D(); _view3D.antiAlias = 4; //设置抗锯齿级别 //初始化摄像头 cameraController = new HoverController(_view3D.camera); /*cameraController.distance = 1000; cameraController.minTiltAngle = 0; cameraController.maxTiltAngle = 90; cameraController.panAngle = 45;*/ cameraController.tiltAngle = 15; addChild(_view3D); } /** * 初始化材质 */ private function initMaterials():void { //地板的纹理 floorMaterial = new TextureMaterial(Cast.bitmapTexture(floorClass)); //环境纹理 environmentTexture = new BitmapCubeTexture( Cast.bitmapData(EnvPosX), Cast.bitmapData(EnvNegX), Cast.bitmapData(EnvPosY), Cast.bitmapData(EnvNegY), Cast.bitmapData(EnvPosZ), Cast.bitmapData(EnvNegZ)); environmentMaterial = new ColorMaterial(); environmentMaterial.addMethod(new EnvMapMethod(environmentTexture, 1)); } /** * 初始化物体 */ private function initObjects():void { // 在三维舞台中创建一个方块(地板 ) var cube1:Mesh = new Mesh(new CubeGeometry(700, 20, 500), floorMaterial); _view3D.scene.addChild(cube1); //添加天空盒子(环境) _skyBox = new SkyBox(environmentTexture); _view3D.scene.addChild(_skyBox); //添加球体 var ball:Mesh = new Mesh(new SphereGeometry(150), environmentMaterial); ball.position = new Vector3D(0,200,0); _view3D.scene.addChild(ball); } /** * 初始化监听 */ private function initListeners():void { addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, _onEnterFrame); //鼠标事件监听 stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, onMouseDown); stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, onMouseUp); stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_WHEEL,onWheel); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE, onResize); onResize(); } /** * 渲染视图 */ private function _onEnterFrame(e:Event):void { //渲染视图 _view3D.render(); } /** * 使用舞台大小一直全屏 */ private function onResize(event:Event = null):void { _view3D.width = stage.stageWidth; _view3D.height = stage.stageHeight; } /** * 鼠标滚轮事件 */ private function onWheel(e:MouseEvent):void { if(e.delta > 0){ if(cameraController.distance < 1000) cameraController.distance += 100; }else{ if(cameraController.distance > 600) cameraController.distance -= 100; } } /** * 鼠标按下事件 */ private function onMouseDown(event:MouseEvent):void { _view3D.stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_MOVE, mouseMoveHandler); _lastX = _view3D.mouseX; _lastY = _view3D.mouseY; } /** * 鼠标弹起事件 */ private function onMouseUp(event:MouseEvent):void { _view3D.stage.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_MOVE, mouseMoveHandler); } /** * 鼠标移动事件 */ private function mouseMoveHandler(event:MouseEvent):void { //移动摄像机 var dx:Number = _view3D.mouseX - _lastX; var dy:Number = _view3D.mouseY - _lastY; cameraController.panAngle += dx; cameraController.tiltAngle += dy; _lastX = _view3D.mouseX; _lastY = _view3D.mouseY; } } }源码下载:Amay3DTest4.zip
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