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Swift - 自定义单元格实现微信聊天界面

作者:hangge | 2015-01-28 15:54
(本文代码已升级至Swift3)

1,下面是一个放微信聊天界面的消息展示列表,实现的功能有:
(1)消息可以是文本消息也可以是图片消息
(2)消息背景为气泡状图片,同时消息气泡可根据内容自适应大小
(3)每条消息旁边有头像,在左边表示发送方,在右边表示接收方

2,实现思路
(1)需要定义一个数据结构保存消息内容 MessageItem
(2)继承UITableViewCell实现自定义单元格,这里面放入头像和消息体
(3)继承UITableView实现自定义表格,通过读取数据源,进行页面的渲染
(4)消息体根据内容类型不同,用不同的展示方法
(5)每个单元格的高度需要根据内容计算出来
(6)数据由ViewController来提供初始化数据

3,效果图
  

4,代码结构


5,主要代码
(1)主页面 ViewController.swift
import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, ChatDataSource {
    
    var Chats:Array<MessageItem>!
    var tableView:TableView!
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        setupChatTable()
    }
    
    /*创建表格及数据*/
    func setupChatTable() {
        self.tableView = TableView(frame:self.view.bounds, style: .plain)
        
        //创建一个重用的单元格
        self.tableView!.register(TableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "MsgCell")
        
        let me = "xiaoming.png"
        let you = "xiaohua.png"
        
        let first =  MessageItem(body:"你看这风景怎么样,我周末去苏州拍的!", logo:me,
                                 date:Date(timeIntervalSinceNow:-600), mtype:.mine)
        
        let second =  MessageItem(image:UIImage(named:"sz.png")!,logo:me,
                                  date:Date(timeIntervalSinceNow:-290), mtype:.mine)
        
        let third =  MessageItem(body:"太赞了,我也想去那看看呢!",logo:you,
                                 date:Date(timeIntervalSinceNow:-60), mtype:.someone)
        
        let fouth =  MessageItem(body:"嗯,下次我带你去吧!",logo:me,
                                 date:Date(timeIntervalSinceNow:-20), mtype:.mine)
        
        let fifth =  MessageItem(body:"三年了,我终究没能看到这个风景",logo:you,
                                 date:Date(timeIntervalSinceNow:0), mtype:.someone)
        
        Chats = [first,second, third, fouth, fifth]
        
        self.tableView.chatDataSource = self
        self.tableView.reloadData()
        self.view.addSubview(self.tableView)
    }
    
    /*返回对话记录中的全部行数*/
    func rowsForChatTable(_ tableView:TableView) -> Int {
        return self.Chats.count
    }
    
    /*返回某一行的内容*/
    func chatTableView(_ tableView:TableView, dataForRow row:Int) -> MessageItem {
        return Chats[row]
    }
    
    override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
        super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
    }
}


(2)消息体数据结构 MessageItem.swift
import UIKit

//消息类型,我的还是别人的
enum ChatType {
    case mine
    case someone
}

class MessageItem {
    //头像
    var logo:String
    //消息时间
    var date:Date
    //消息类型
    var mtype:ChatType
    //内容视图,标签或者图片
    var view:UIView
    //边距
    var insets:UIEdgeInsets
    
    //设置我的文本消息边距
    class func getTextInsetsMine() -> UIEdgeInsets {
        return UIEdgeInsets(top:5, left:10, bottom:11, right:17)
    }
    
    //设置他人的文本消息边距
    class func getTextInsetsSomeone() -> UIEdgeInsets {
        return UIEdgeInsets(top:5, left:15, bottom:11, right:10)
    }
    
    //设置我的图片消息边距
    class func getImageInsetsMine() -> UIEdgeInsets {
        return UIEdgeInsets(top:11, left:13, bottom:16, right:22)
    }
    
    //设置他人的图片消息边距
    class func getImageInsetsSomeone() -> UIEdgeInsets {
        return UIEdgeInsets(top:11, left:13, bottom:16, right:22)
    }
    
    //构造文本消息体
    convenience init(body:NSString, logo:String, date:Date, mtype:ChatType) {
        let font =  UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 12)
        
        let width =  225, height = 10000.0
        
        let atts =  [NSFontAttributeName: font]
        
        let size =  body.boundingRect(with:
            CGSize(width: CGFloat(width), height: CGFloat(height)),
            options: .usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes:atts, context:nil)
        
        let label =  UILabel(frame:CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: size.size.width,
                                          height: size.size.height))
        
        label.numberOfLines = 0
        label.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakMode.byWordWrapping
        label.text = (body.length != 0 ? body as String : "")
        label.font = font
        label.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear
        
        let insets:UIEdgeInsets =  (mtype == ChatType.mine ?
            MessageItem.getTextInsetsMine() : MessageItem.getTextInsetsSomeone())
        
        self.init(logo:logo, date:date, mtype:mtype, view:label, insets:insets)
    }
    
    //可以传入更多的自定义视图
    init(logo:String, date:Date, mtype:ChatType, view:UIView, insets:UIEdgeInsets) {
        self.view = view
        self.logo = logo
        self.date = date
        self.mtype = mtype
        self.insets = insets
    }
    
    //构造图片消息体
    convenience init(image:UIImage, logo:String,  date:Date, mtype:ChatType) {
        var size = image.size
        //等比缩放
        if (size.width > 220) {
            size.height /= (size.width / 220);
            size.width = 220;
        }
        let imageView = UIImageView(frame:CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: size.width,
                                                 height: size.height))
        imageView.image = image
        imageView.layer.cornerRadius = 5.0
        imageView.layer.masksToBounds = true
        
        let insets:UIEdgeInsets =  (mtype == ChatType.mine ?
            MessageItem.getImageInsetsMine() : MessageItem.getImageInsetsSomeone())
        
        self.init(logo:logo,  date:date, mtype:mtype, view:imageView, insets:insets)
    }    
}



(3)表格数据协议 ChatDataSource.swift
import Foundation

/*
  数据提供协议
*/
protocol ChatDataSource
{
    /*返回对话记录中的全部行数*/
    func rowsForChatTable( _ tableView:TableView) -> Int
    /*返回某一行的内容*/
    func chatTableView(_ tableView:TableView, dataForRow:Int)-> MessageItem
}

(4)自定义表格 TableView.swift
import UIKit

class TableView:UITableView,UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource
{
    //用于保存所有消息
    var bubbleSection:Array<MessageItem>!
    //数据源,用于与 ViewController 交换数据
    var chatDataSource:ChatDataSource!
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }
    
    override init(frame: CGRect, style: UITableViewStyle) {
        super.init(frame:frame,  style:style)
        
        self.bubbleSection = Array<MessageItem>()
        self.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear
        self.separatorStyle = UITableViewCellSeparatorStyle.none
        self.delegate = self
        self.dataSource = self
    }
    
    override func reloadData() {
        self.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = false
        self.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = false
        
        var count =  0
        if ((self.chatDataSource != nil))
        {
            count = self.chatDataSource.rowsForChatTable(self)
            
            if(count > 0)
            {
                
                for i in 0 ..< count
                {
                    let object =  self.chatDataSource.chatTableView(self, dataForRow:i)
                    bubbleSection.append(object)
                }
                
                //按日期排序方法
                bubbleSection.sort(by: {
                    $0.date.timeIntervalSince1970 < $1.date.timeIntervalSince1970
                })
            }
        }
        super.reloadData()
    }
    
    //第一个方法返回分区数,在本例中,就是1
    func numberOfSections(in tableView:UITableView)->Int {
        return 1
    }
    
    //返回指定分区的行数
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        if (section >= self.bubbleSection.count)
        {
            return 0
        }
        
        return self.bubbleSection.count
    }
    
    //用于确定单元格的高度,如果此方法实现得不对,单元格与单元格之间会错位
    func tableView(_ tableView:UITableView,heightForRowAt indexPath:IndexPath)
        -> CGFloat {
        let data =  self.bubbleSection[indexPath.row]
        return max(data.insets.top + data.view.frame.size.height + data.insets.bottom, 52)
    }
    
    //返回自定义的 TableViewCell
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath)
        -> UITableViewCell {        
        let cellId = "MsgCell"
        let data =  self.bubbleSection[indexPath.row]
        let cell =  TableViewCell(data:data, reuseIdentifier:cellId)
        return cell
    }
}


(5)自定义单元格 TableViewCell.swift
import UIKit

class TableViewCell:UITableViewCell {
    //消息内容视图
    var customView:UIView!
    //消息背景
    var bubbleImage:UIImageView!
    //头像
    var avatarImage:UIImageView!
    //消息数据结构
    var msgItem:MessageItem!
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }
    
    //- (void) setupInternalData
    init(data:MessageItem, reuseIdentifier cellId:String) {
        self.msgItem = data
        super.init(style: UITableViewCellStyle.default, reuseIdentifier:cellId)
        rebuildUserInterface()
    }
    
    func rebuildUserInterface() {
        
        self.selectionStyle = UITableViewCellSelectionStyle.none
        if (self.bubbleImage == nil)
        {
            self.bubbleImage = UIImageView()
            self.addSubview(self.bubbleImage)
        }
        
        let type =  self.msgItem.mtype
        let width =  self.msgItem.view.frame.size.width
        let height =  self.msgItem.view.frame.size.height
        
        var x =  (type == ChatType.someone) ? 0 : self.frame.size.width - width -
            self.msgItem.insets.left - self.msgItem.insets.right
        
        var y:CGFloat =  0
        //显示用户头像
        if (self.msgItem.logo != "")
        {
            let logo =  self.msgItem.logo
            
            self.avatarImage
                = UIImageView(image:UIImage(named:(logo != "" ? logo : "noAvatar.png")))
            
            self.avatarImage.layer.cornerRadius = 9.0
            self.avatarImage.layer.masksToBounds = true
            self.avatarImage.layer.borderColor = UIColor(white:0.0 ,alpha:0.2).cgColor
            self.avatarImage.layer.borderWidth = 1.0
            
            //别人头像,在左边,我的头像在右边
            let avatarX =  (type == ChatType.someone) ? 2 : self.frame.size.width - 52
            
            //头像居于消息底部
            let avatarY =  height
            //set the frame correctly
            self.avatarImage.frame = CGRect(x: avatarX, y: avatarY, width: 50, height: 50)
            self.addSubview(self.avatarImage)
            
            let delta =  self.frame.size.height - (self.msgItem.insets.top
                + self.msgItem.insets.bottom + self.msgItem.view.frame.size.height)
            if (delta > 0) {
                y = delta
            }
            if (type == ChatType.someone) {
                x += 54
            }
            if (type == ChatType.mine) {
                x -= 54
            }
        }
        
        self.customView = self.msgItem.view
        self.customView.frame = CGRect(x: x + self.msgItem.insets.left,
            y: y + self.msgItem.insets.top, width: width, height: height)
        
        self.addSubview(self.customView)
        
        //如果是别人的消息,在左边,如果是我输入的消息,在右边
        if (type == ChatType.someone)
        {
            self.bubbleImage.image = UIImage(named:("yoububble.png"))!
                .stretchableImage(withLeftCapWidth: 21,topCapHeight:14)
            
        }
        else {
            self.bubbleImage.image = UIImage(named:"mebubble.png")!
                .stretchableImage(withLeftCapWidth: 15, topCapHeight:14)
        }
        self.bubbleImage.frame = CGRect(x: x, y: y,
            width: width + self.msgItem.insets.left + self.msgItem.insets.right,
            height: height + self.msgItem.insets.top + self.msgItem.insets.bottom)
    }
    
    //让单元格宽度始终为屏幕宽
    override var frame: CGRect {
        get {
            return super.frame
        }
        set (newFrame) {
            var frame = newFrame
            frame.size.width = UIScreen.main.bounds.width
            super.frame = frame
        }
    }
}


6,源码下载:hangge_559.zip

功能改进一:消息进行分组、添加消息发送栏

1,效果图
(1)消息按天分组展示
(2)增加消息发送框,可以发送和展示消息

2,源码下载: hangge_559.zip

功能改进二:聊天气泡向下扩展

从前面两个样例的效果图可以看到,如果某条消息内容多的话,该消息用户头像都是处于最下方,聊天气泡看起像是向上扩张。

1,效果图
这里将用户头像位置做个调整,不管消息高度如何,头像总在最上方。这样看起来消息气泡就是向下扩张。

2,源码下载:hangge_559.zip
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